Skip to main content

Table 1 Key studies describing the gut microbiota and its relationship to different geographical locations (A), and key studies describing the gut microbiota and its relationship to obesity (B) are indicated

From: The obese gut microbiome across the epidemiologic transition

Author Groups Geographical effect
A
 De Filippo et al. [77] Rural Africa vs. Italian children (1–6 years) Species differences existed that conferred specific nutritional effects
 Lee et al. [50] Monozygotic and dizygotic US vs. Korean twins, either normal weight (BMI < 25 kg/m2) or overweight (BMI > 25 kg/m2) Significant differences in configuration fecal communities between sites
 Yatsunenko et al. [49] Venezuelan (Amerindians), Malawian, US children (0–17 years) and adults (18–70 years) Phylogenetic and microbiota enzymatic differences
 Tyakht et al. [81] Urban vs. rural Russian males and females (14–85 years) Phylogenetic differences existed
 Karrlson et al. [28] Type 2 diabetes, normal- and impaired-glucose tolerance older European women (>70 years) vs. type 2 diabetes, normal and impaired glucose tolerance Chinese men and women (13–86 years) Metagenomic cluster differed between two populations
 David et al. [51] Two US adult males (26, and 36 years) Travel acutely altered phylogenetic taxa
Author Groups Obesity effect
B
 Backhed et al. [52] Conventionally raised vs. germ-free and germ-free conventionalized Conventional had significantly more body fat than germ-free, as did conventionalized, both eating less chow
 Ley et al. [30] Lean vs. obese humans Relative proportion of Bacteroidetes is reduced in obesity
 Turnbaugh et al. [21] Ob/ob mice vs. ob/+ and +/+mice Ob/ob mice increased rate of energy harvest from diet, transmission of ob/ob gut microbiome to +/+ resulted in significantly greater increase in body fat
 Turnbaugh et al. [24] Lean (BMI < 25 kg/m2) and overweight (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2) or obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) twins Lower proportion Bacteroidetes and higher proportion of Actinobacteria in obese vs. lean twins. No difference in Firmicutes between twins
 Turbbaugh et al. [25] Germ-free mice colonized with human gut microbiota, fed either low-fat, plant polysaccharide-rich or high fat (Western) diet Increase in proportion of Firmicutes and decrease in proportion of Bacteroidetes in mice fed western diet. Off-spring from either germ-free or humanized mice indicated gut microbiome could be transmitted, sharing 83 % of class-level Taxa and 73 % genus level
 Murphy et al. [56] Ob/ob mice vs. wild type on high- or low-fat diet Increase in Firmicutes in high-fat and ob/ob. Reduction in Bacteroidetes in ob/ob only
 Lee et al. [50] US vs Korean Lower alpha-diversity in obesity, regardless of site
 Ridaura et al. [22] Germ-free mice transplanted with fecal microbiota from twins discordant for obesity (obese twin BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) Mice receiving obese fecal microbiota had significantly greater increase in adipose mass. Feces from mice with obese fecal microbiota had higher branched chain amino acids
Back to article page

Emerging Themes in Epidemiology

ISSN: 1742-7622