|
Surveys failing Shapiro–Wilk test (p < 0.05) N = 533 (62.6 %)
|
N (%)
|
N (%) with “normal” distribution after transformation or smoothing
|
|---|
|
Box-Cox
|
Spline
|
Loess
|
|---|
|
All surveysa
|
533 (100)
|
301 (56.5)
|
318 (59.7)
|
304 (57.0)
|
|
By key survey characteristics
| | | | |
|
Skewedb
|
183 (34.3)
|
113 (61.7)
|
81 (49.4)
|
89 (48.6)
|
|
Non-normal kurtosisc
|
196 (36.8)
|
62 (31.6)
|
137 (69.9)
|
139 (70.9)
|
|
Skewed and non-normal kurtosisb, c
|
70 (13.1)
|
23(32.9)
|
41 (58.6)
|
43 (61.4)
|
|
Large design effect (>3)
|
164 (30.8)
|
86 (52.4)
|
81 (49.4)
|
92 (56.1)
|
|
High digit preference (score < 0.75)
|
294 (55.2)
|
143 (48.6)
|
170 (57.8)
|
178 (60.6)
|
|
Large sample size (n > 900)
|
204 (38.3)
|
122 (59.8)
|
95 (46.6)
|
101 (49.5)
|
-
aShapiro–Wilk test (p < 0.05); b D’Agostino test (p < 0.05); c Anscombe–Glynn test (p < 0.05)
