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Table 6 Univariable and multivariable models of anthropometric DEFFs

From: Parameters associated with design effect of child anthropometry indicators in small-scale field surveys

Covariables   Univariable Multivariable
Estimate 95% CI p value Type III p value Estimate 95% CI p value Type III p value
Wasting
Prevalencea   0.18 0.11 to 0.26 <0.001 <0.001 0.27 0.19 to 0.35 <0.001 <0.001
WHZ SDa   0.20 0.13 to 0.27 <0.001 <0.001 0.10 0.03 to 0.17 0.009 0.009
Mean cluster size   0.02 0.01 to 0.02 <0.001 <0.001 0.02 0.00 to 0.03 0.013 0.013
Location West Africa – – – 0.003 – – – <0.001
  East Africa 0.21 −0.02 to 0.44 0.079 0.20 0.00 to 0.40 0.054  
  Central/Southern Africa −0.02 −0.28 to 0.25 0.911 0.04 −0.19 to 0.28 0.710  
  Democratic Republic of Congo 0.19 −0.02 to 0.40 0.071 0.16 −0.05 to 0.38 0.141  
  Sudan 0.17 −0.05 to 0.40 0.127 −0.18 −0.40 to 0.04 0.104  
  Middle East 0.52 0.22 to 0.81 <0.001 0.40 0.14 to 0.67 0.003  
  South Asia 0.02 −0.23 to 0.28 0.868 0.27 0.03 to 0.51 0.028  
  Americas −0.10 −0.43 to 0.22 0.532 0.29 −0.02 to 0.59 0.063  
Survey year 2006 – – – 0.003 – – – 0.102
  2007 −0.16 −0.34 to 0.03 0.092 −0.03 −0.19 to 0.13 0.723  
  2008 −0.17 −0.34 to −0.01 0.040 −0.05 −0.20 to 0.10 0.520  
  2009 −0.30 −0.49 to −0.10 0.003 −0.16 −0.35 to 0.03 0.109  
  2010 −0.31 −0.52 to −0.10 0.004 −0.23 −0.43 to −0.03 0.028  
  2011 −0.38 −0.59 to −0.16 <0.001 −0.29 −0.49 to −0.08 0.006  
  2012 −0.21 −0.45 to 0.03 0.094 −0.11 −0.34 to 0.11 0.313  
  2013 −0.56 −0.91 to −0.20 0.002 −0.29 −0.63 to 0.05 0.095  
Underweight
Prevalencea   0.09 0.03 to 0.13 0.001 0.001 0.12 0.06 to 0.18 <0.001 <0.001
WAZ SDa   0.10 0.03 to 0.16 0.002 0.002 0.01 −0.07 to 0.08 0.834 0.834
Mean cluster size   0.02 0.01 to 0.03 <0.001 <0.001 0.03 0.02 to 0.04 <0.001 <0.001
Location West Africa – – – 0.010 – – – 0.004
  East Africa 0.08 −0.18 to 0.33 0.551 0.22 −0.03 to 0.48 0.091  
  Central/Southern Africa 0.05 −0.25 to 0.34 0.765 0.10 −0.18 to 0.39 0.479  
  Democratic Republic of Congo 0.27 0.04 to 0.50 0.021 0.03 −0.24 to 0.29 0.840  
  Sudan 0.12 −0.13 to 0.37 0.336 −0.04 −0.31 to 0.23 0.756  
  Middle East 0.51 0.18 to 0.84 0.003 0.52 0.20 to 0.84 0.002  
  South Asia 0.00 −0.28 to 0.28 0.990 0.10 −0.21 to 0.41 0.521  
  Americas 0.14 −0.23 to 0.50 0.462 0.50 0.12 to 0.87 0.010  
Survey year 2006 – – – 0.010 – – – 0.086
  2007 −0.26 −0.47 to −0.06 0.013 −0.20 −0.40 to −0.01 0.045  
  2008 −0.01 −0.19 to 0.18 0.928 0.05 −0.13 to 0.23 0.605  
  2009 −0.24 −0.45 to −0.02 0.032 −0.16 −0.39 to 0.07 0.168  
  2010 −0.20 −0.43 to 0.03 0.092 −0.14 −0.38 to 0.10 0.261  
  2011 −0.33 −0.57 to −0.09 0.007 −0.21 −0.46 to 0.04 0.106  
  2012 −0.07 −0.34 to 0.20 0.596 0.01 −0.26 to 0.29 0.974  
  2013 −0.41 −0.80 to −0.02 0.040 −0.07 −0.49 to 0.35 0.734  
Stunting
Prevalencea   −0.03 −0.08 to 0.02 0.254 0.254 −0.03 −0.09 to 0.03 0.343 0.343
HAZ SDa   −0.06 −0.12 to 0.01 0.076 0.076 −0.08 −0.14 to −0.01 0.023 0.023
Mean cluster size   0.03 0.02 to 0.04 <0.001 <0.001 0.04 0.02 to 0.06 <0.001 <0.001
Location West Africa – – – 0.043 – – – 0.001
  East Africa −0.00 −0.35 to 0.35 0.995 −0.12 −0.43 to 0.20 0.475  
  Central/Southern Africa 0.02 −0.39 to 0.42 0.942 0.09 −0.27 to 0.45 0.619  
  Democratic   Republic of Congo 0.25 −0.06 to 0.56 0.112 −0.25 −0.60 to 0.10 0.158  
  Sudan 0.36 0.03 to 0.70 0.036 −0.20 −0.55 to 0.14 0.255  
  Middle East 0.55 0.10 to 1.00 0.016 0.53 0.13 to 0.93 0.010  
  South Asia 0.09 −0.29 to 0.48 0.629 0.34 −0.03 to 0.72 0.076  
  Americas 0.17 −0.32 to 0.66 0.493 0.33 −0.12 to 0.78 0.152  
Survey year 2006 – – – 0.010 – – – 0.068
  2007 −0.36 −0.64 to −0.09 0.011 −0.18 −0.43 to 0.07 0.160  
  2008 −0.08 −0.33 to 0.17 0.521 0.11 −0.13 to 0.34 0.365  
  2009 −0.41 −0.70 to −0.11 0.007 −0.10 −0.39 to 0.20 0.518  
  2010 −0.31 −0.63 to 0.00 0.053 −0.03 −0.33 to 0.28 0.864  
  2011 −0.47 −0.80 to −0.13 0.006 −0.32 −0.65 to 0.01 0.062  
  2012 −0.17 −0.54 to 0.19 0.351 0.07 −0.27 to 0.41 0.680  
  2013 −0.63 −1.16 to −0.10 0.021 −0.36 −0.89 to 0.16 0.179  
  1. Values in italics represent statistical significance at the 0.05 level
  2. aCoefficients and confidence intervals for prevalence and SD are scaled to represent a 0.1 unit change in prevalence and SD
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Emerging Themes in Epidemiology

ISSN: 1742-7622

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